Peripheral Joint Injections
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Occasionally, a specific muscle may generate pain due to sustained contraction and
subsequent localized ischemia. While this type of pain is usually secondary to another
problem, it can occur primarily. These areas of muscle pain are called trigger points and can
be treated with injection of small amounts of local anesthetic solution with or without steroid,
usually in concert with specific physical therapy treatments. If the primary source of the muscle
pain, such as an arthritic zygapophysial joint, is identified, then it is important to treat this
primary pain source as well. Trigger point injections are usually performed in the office. Some
deep muscle injections, such as the piriformis and iliopsoas muscles, are performed under
fluoroscopy.